The Active Record pattern is an architectural design pattern commonly used in PHP for interacting with databases. It provides a simple and intuitive way to represent database tables as objects and allows developers to perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on those objects.
In the Active Record pattern, each database table is typically represented by a corresponding PHP class, referred to as an “Active Record” class. Each instance of an Active Record class represents a single row in the database table.
Here’s an example to illustrate the Active Record pattern in PHP:
class User
{
private $id;
private $name;
private $email;
public function __construct($id, $name, $email)
{
$this->id = $id;
$this->name = $name;
$this->email = $email;
}
public function getId()
{
return $this->id;
}
public function getName()
{
return $this->name;
}
public function getEmail()
{
return $this->email;
}
public function setName($name)
{
$this->name = $name;
}
public function setEmail($email)
{
$this->email = $email;
}
public function save()
{
// Implementation to save/update the record in the database
}
public function delete()
{
// Implementation to delete the record from the database
}
}
// Usage example:
$user = new User(1, "John Doe", "john@example.com");
$user->setName("Jane Doe");
$user->save(); // Saves or update record to the database
$user2 = new User(2, "Alice Smith", "alice@example.com");
$user2->delete(); // Deletes the record from the database
In this example, the User class represents the “users” table in the database. It has private properties for id, name, and email, which correspond to the columns in the table.
The class provides getter and setter methods for accessing and modifying the properties. The save() method is responsible for saving the current state of the object to the database or updating an existing record, while the delete() method deletes the corresponding record from the database.
To use the Active Record pattern, you can create instances of the User class, manipulate their properties, and call the save() method to persist changes to the database or the delete() method to remove the record.
The Active Record pattern simplifies the database interaction code by encapsulating database operations within the Active Record objects themselves, making it more convenient to work with and maintain database records in PHP applications.
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