Vulnerability testing, also known as vulnerability assessment, is a technique for locating security flaws to decrease security attacks on the application; it involves locating and minimizing weak regions vulnerable to hacker attacks. It is an essential software testing technique for a program that requires high security and is more vulnerable to attack or unauthorized access. The vulnerability assessment process involves scanning the system or network for vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers. This can be done using a variety of tools, including vulnerability scanners, penetration testing tools, and manual inspections.
Checklist for vulnerability assessment:-
- Check the password’s strength because it offers some level of security.
- Check the access restrictions against the operating systems and technology used.
- Demonstrates how simply cyber attackers can take control of the system.
- Determines the system’s data’s level of security.
- Determines if the application or system configuration files are password-protected.
- Determines whether the system permits the user to run harmful scripts.
Examples of Typical Security Vulnerabilities
- Network vulnerabilities are flaws in a company’s hardware or software infrastructure that give online criminals access to the system and the ability to harm the organization. These vulnerable points might range from wireless access points with weak security all the way up to firewalls that are improperly configured and fail to secure the entire network.
- Operating system (OS) vulnerabilities are openings in an OS that provide cybercriminals access to any device where the OS is installed and give them the ability to harm it. A Denial of Service (DoS) attack, in which numerous bogus requests overload a system, illustrates an attack that uses OS flaws. Because the operating system (OS) is exposed to outdated and unpatched software, the entire network may occasionally be in danger.
- Process vulnerabilities result from inadequate procedures that are meant to serve as security measures. An authentication flaw when users and even IT managers utilize weak passwords is among the most prevalent process weaknesses.
- User mistakes can expose networks, hardware, and sensitive data to nefarious attackers, resulting in human vulnerabilities. Given the increase in remote and mobile workers, they likely pose the biggest threat. Human security flaws include things like opening dangerous email attachments or not updating mobile device software.
- Poor access control renders networks vulnerable to attacks from both within and outside, such as when people are given access to data and systems they do not need or when old employees’ accounts are not properly closed.
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